Perspectives · Fund regulation

The FCA proposes to rebuild the UK AIFM regime

On 14 July 2026 the Financial Conduct Authority published consultation paper CP26/28 on the UK alternative investment fund manager regime, alongside draft regulations from HM Treasury. It proposes to abolish the full-scope and sub-threshold distinction and replace it with three size categories set by net asset value, and to narrow the registration regime so that most small registered managers would need full authorisation. Responses fall due on different dates in September and October 2026, the FCA intends a second consultation with draft rules on the remaining areas, final rules are expected in 2027 and the implementation date currently envisaged for the new regime is 2028. It is a consultation: none of it is a rule yet, and the categories and thresholds can change. This perspective is general information, not legal advice.

27 July 2026 · Fund regulation

What is proposed

Size categories in place of full-scope and sub-threshold

The UK inherited the AIFMD architecture in 2013 and has carried its two classes of manager ever since: full-scope firms with the whole rulebook, and sub-threshold firms with a much lighter set. CP26/28 would retire that split and sort managers into small, medium and large, with the boundaries drawn at net asset value, not at assets under management. On the figures consulted on, a firm below £750 million of net asset value would be small, one between £750 million and £5 billion medium, and one above £5 billion large.

The registration regime narrows at the same time. Most small registered alternative investment fund managers would be brought within full authorisation, while registered venture capital funds and registered social entrepreneurship funds keep a registration route. The FCA also proposes to gather the AIFM rules into a new sourcebook, and HM Treasury has published draft regulations, because the framework legislation has to change before the rules can.

Still only a consultation

More than one closing date to note

Nothing here binds anybody yet. CP26/28 is a consultation paper, and its discussion chapters carry response dates earlier than the consultation's own, so a firm reading it has more than one deadline during September and October 2026. The FCA intends to consult again with draft rules on the areas this paper leaves open. Everything after that is indicative: final rules are expected during 2027, once HM Treasury's statutory instrument is made, and the implementation date currently envisaged for the new regime is 2028. A threshold consulted on in July 2026 is a figure the FCA has asked the market about. It is not a figure to build a plan on. The useful work now is to establish where the firm would fall, and what it would owe if the proposals were adopted as drafted.

Why the answer is firm by firm

Four regulated firms, twenty vehicles, and no afternoon long enough

A move from assets under management to net asset value is not a relabelling. It changes the basis of measurement, and with it the answer for firms whose funds borrow, that manage committed but undrawn capital, or that run several vehicles of different sizes under one authorised entity. A house with one manager and one fund can work this out in an afternoon. A house with four regulated firms, twenty vehicles and a history of acquisitions cannot.

The questions the proposals put to a manager are narrow and answerable. Which legal entities hold an FCA permission, and which permission is it. Which of them is full-scope, which sub-threshold, which registered and under which registration. Which funds does each one actually manage, and what is the net asset value of each. A group that answers those from a spreadsheet one person maintains cannot size the impact of a consultation before it closes.

The permissions register

Hold the permission against the entity that holds it

Permissions are a property of the legal entity, and a register of them is a small thing to keep. For each regulated firm: the registered name, the firm reference number, the permissions held, the current classification under the existing regime, the funds managed and the individuals holding senior management functions. Where a permission was varied, keep the document and the date it took effect. That register earns its keep beyond this consultation. It is what a response to the FCA is drafted from, what an authorisation application is assembled from if the registration route closes for a firm, and what an investor's operational due diligence asks for anyway. It also has a property no plan has: it is true on the day it is read, whatever the final rules turn out to say.

In the register

Firms, funds and permissions in one place

Alethia holds each regulated firm and each fund as an entity, with its ownership, its officers, its documents and the mandates over its bank accounts. Authorisation documents, permission notices and appointment letters are attached to the entity they belong to, so which company holds which permission has a documented answer and a date beside it.

Ownership and management relationships between those entities are recorded and drawn as a structure chart from the same data, and reports show what is held where. The consultation work itself can be carried as a compliance obligation with an owner and a due date against the firm it concerns. The net asset value calculation stays where it is done, and nothing goes to the FCA from here. What changes is the Monday in September when the response is being drafted: the list of firms, permissions and funds is already on the screen, and the argument can be about the proposals.

Questions

CP26/28, answered

Do we need to do anything by the response deadline?

Only respond, if you want to. CP26/28 imposes no obligation on firms. The response dates in September and October 2026 are the dates by which the FCA wants comments, and they differ between the discussion chapters and the consultation itself.

Are the £750 million and £5 billion thresholds final?

No. They are the figures the FCA has consulted on. Thresholds are exactly the kind of proposal that moves between a consultation paper and final rules, and the FCA has said it will consult again with draft rules on remaining areas before the regime is settled.

We are a registered AIFM. Does this mean we must apply for authorisation?

Not yet, and not on the basis of a consultation. The proposals would bring most currently registered managers into full authorisation while keeping a registration route for registered venture capital funds and registered social entrepreneurship funds. If that survives to final rules, affected firms would need to plan an authorisation application against an implementation date currently envisaged for 2028.

When would the new regime actually start?

The implementation date currently envisaged is 2028. Final rules are expected during 2027, and HM Treasury's statutory instrument has to be made before the FCA's rules can take effect, so both dates move if the legislation does.

One page for each regulated firm

Hold permissions, classifications, the funds each firm manages and the documents that evidence them against the legal entity itself, so the impact of a proposal can be sized while the consultation is still open.